1.0 2016-09-30 22:19:40 UTC 2020-05-21 16:27:01 UTC BMDB0000107 BMDB00107 Galactitol Galactitol, also known as dulcitol or melampyrit, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar alcohols. These are hydrogenated forms of carbohydrate in which the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone, reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group. Galactitol exists as a solid, possibly soluble (in water), and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa) molecule. Galactitol exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Galactitol can be biosynthesized from D-galactose; which is mediated by the enzyme aldose reductase. In cattle, galactitol is involved in the metabolic pathway called the galactose metabolism pathway. Galactitol is a potentially toxic compound. (2R,3S,4R,5S)-Hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol D-Dulcitol D-Galactitol Dulcitol Dulcose Euonymit L-Galactitol Melampyrin Melampyrit Ambap5938 Dulcite Hexitol Melampyrite Melampyrum meso-Galactitol C6H14O6 182.1718 182.07903818 (2R,3S,4R,5S)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol galactitol 608-66-2 OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO InChI=1S/C6H14O6/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8/h3-12H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5+,6- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-GUCUJZIJSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar alcohols. These are hydrogenated forms of carbohydrate in which the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone, reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group. Organic compounds Organic oxygen compounds Organooxygen compounds Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates Sugar alcohols Hydrocarbon derivatives Monosaccharides Polyols Primary alcohols Secondary alcohols Alcohol Aliphatic acyclic compound Hydrocarbon derivative Monosaccharide Polyol Primary alcohol Secondary alcohol Sugar alcohol Aliphatic acyclic compounds hexitol Solid melting_point 189.5 °C water_solubility 31,0 mg/mL at 15 °C YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992) logp -3.1 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) logp -2.68 ALOGPS logs 0.10 ALOGPS logp -3.7 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 12.59 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -3 ChemAxon iupac (2R,3S,4R,5S)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol ChemAxon average_mass 182.1718 ChemAxon mono_mass 182.07903818 ChemAxon smiles OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO ChemAxon formula C6H14O6 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C6H14O6/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8/h3-12H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5+,6- ChemAxon inchikey FBPFZTCFMRRESA-GUCUJZIJSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 121.38 ChemAxon refractivity 38.4 ChemAxon polarizability 17.25 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 5 ChemAxon acceptor_count 6 ChemAxon donor_count 6 ChemAxon physiological_charge 0 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon number_of_rings 0 ChemAxon bioavailability 1 ChemAxon rule_of_five Yes ChemAxon ghose_filter Yes ChemAxon veber_rule Yes ChemAxon mddr_like_rule Yes ChemAxon Galactose Metabolism SMP0087225 Specdb::NmrTwoD 1144 Specdb::MsIr 171 Specdb::MsIr 172 Specdb::MsIr 173 Specdb::NmrOneD 1086 Specdb::NmrOneD 1147 Specdb::NmrOneD 142230 Specdb::NmrOneD 142231 Specdb::NmrOneD 142232 Specdb::NmrOneD 142233 Specdb::NmrOneD 142234 Specdb::NmrOneD 142235 Specdb::NmrOneD 142236 Specdb::NmrOneD 142237 Specdb::NmrOneD 142238 Specdb::NmrOneD 142239 Specdb::NmrOneD 142240 Specdb::NmrOneD 142241 Specdb::NmrOneD 142242 Specdb::NmrOneD 142243 Specdb::NmrOneD 142244 Specdb::NmrOneD 142245 Specdb::NmrOneD 142246 Specdb::NmrOneD 142247 Specdb::NmrOneD 142248 Specdb::NmrOneD 142249 Specdb::NmrOneD 166477 Specdb::CMs 323 Specdb::CMs 1668 Specdb::CMs 9726 Specdb::CMs 30543 Specdb::CMs 30999 Specdb::CMs 37296 Specdb::CMs 132330 Specdb::CMs 140064 Specdb::CMs 1050073 Specdb::CMs 1050075 Specdb::CMs 1050077 Specdb::CMs 1050079 Specdb::CMs 1050080 Specdb::CMs 1050082 Specdb::CMs 1050084 Specdb::CMs 1050086 Specdb::CMs 1050087 Specdb::CMs 1050089 Specdb::CMs 1050091 Specdb::CMs 1050092 Specdb::CMs 1050094 Specdb::CMs 1050096 Specdb::CMs 1050098 Specdb::CMs 1050100 Specdb::CMs 1050101 Specdb::MsMs 159 Specdb::MsMs 160 Specdb::MsMs 161 Specdb::MsMs 287461 Specdb::MsMs 287462 Specdb::MsMs 287463 Specdb::MsMs 326326 Specdb::MsMs 326327 Specdb::MsMs 326328 Specdb::MsMs 1470891 Specdb::MsMs 1470892 Specdb::MsMs 1470893 Specdb::MsMs 1471266 Specdb::MsMs 1471267 Specdb::MsMs 1471268 Specdb::MsMs 1471269 Specdb::MsMs 1471270 Specdb::MsMs 1472395 Specdb::MsMs 1472396 Specdb::MsMs 1472397 Specdb::MsMs 1472398 Specdb::MsMs 1472399 Specdb::MsMs 1472400 Specdb::MsMs 1472401 Specdb::MsMs 1472402 Brain Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089. 29140435 Erythrocyte Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089. 29140435 Eye Lens Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089. 29140435 Milk Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743. 23438684 Semen Analysis was performed using GC-MS in Holstein bulls (n = 16). Compound was identified by probable match parameters of the NIST Mass Spectral Search Program Velho ALC, Menezes E, Dinh T, Kaya A, Topper E, Moura AA, Memili E: Metabolomic markers of fertility in bull seminal plasma. PLoS One. 2018 Apr 10;13(4):e0195279. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195279. eCollection 2018. 29634739 C01697 FDB006453 11357 C00001160 16813 11850 Galactitol 38183 5148 Muniruzzaman, Syed; Itoh, Hiromichi; Yoshino, Akira; Katayama, Takeshi; Izumori, Ken. Biotransformation of lactose to galactitol. Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering (1994), 77(1), 32-5. Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743. 23438684 BMDBP00798 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 P16116 AKR1B1 Enzyme