<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 22:20:25 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-06-04 20:29:37 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0000164</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB00164</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>Methylamine</name>
  <description>Methylamine, also known as aminomethane or methanamine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as monoalkylamines. These are organic compounds containing an primary aliphatic amine group. Methylamine exists as a solid, possibly soluble (in water), and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa) molecule. Methylamine exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. 3,4-Dihydroxymandelaldehyde and methylamine can be biosynthesized from epinephrine through its interaction with the enzyme amine oxidase [flavin-containing] a. In cattle, methylamine is involved in the metabolic pathway called the tyrosine metabolism pathway. Methylamine is a potentially toxic compound.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>Aminomethane</synonym>
    <synonym>CH3-NH2</synonym>
    <synonym>MeNH2</synonym>
    <synonym>Methanamine</synonym>
    <synonym>MMA</synonym>
    <synonym>Monomethylamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Anhydrous methylamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Carbinamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Imizin</synonym>
    <synonym>Mercurialin</synonym>
    <synonym>Methyl group</synonym>
    <synonym>Methyl OF gamma-N-methylasparagine</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine anhydrous</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine aqueous solution</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine solution</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine solutions</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylaminen</synonym>
    <synonym>Metilamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Metyloamina</synonym>
    <synonym>N-Methylamine</synonym>
    <synonym>NMA</synonym>
    <synonym>NME</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine ion (1-)</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine nitrate</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine perchlorate</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine sulfate (1:1)</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine sulfate (2:1)</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine, 13C-labeled</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine, 14C-labeled</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine, 15N-labeled</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine hydrobromide</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine hydrochloride, 14C-labeled</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine, cesium salt</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine, monopotassium salt</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylammonium</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylammonium ion</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine hydroiodide</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine, monosodium salt</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine bisulfite</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine hydride</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine hydrochloride</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine hydrofluoride</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylamine hydrogen cyanide</synonym>
    <synonym>Monomethylammonium ion</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>CH5N</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>31.0571</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>31.042199165</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>methanamine</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>methylamine</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>74-89-5</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CN</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/CH5N/c1-2/h2H2,1H3</inchi>
  <inchikey>BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as monoalkylamines. These are organic compounds containing an primary aliphatic amine group.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic nitrogen compounds</super_class>
    <class>Organonitrogen compounds</class>
    <sub_class>Amines</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Monoalkylamines</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organopnictogen compounds</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Organopnictogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary aliphatic amine</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>a small molecule</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>methylamines</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>one-carbon compound</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>primary aliphatic amine</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Liquid</state>
    <property>
      <kind>melting_point</kind>
      <value>-93.4 °C</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>water_solubility</kind>
      <value>1080 mg/mL at 25 °C</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-0.57</value>
      <source>HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)</source>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-1.06</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>1.07</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-0.63</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>10.08</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>methanamine</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>31.0571</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>31.042199165</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>CN</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>CH5N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/CH5N/c1-2/h2H2,1H3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>26.02</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>9.92</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>3.86</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Tyrosine Metabolism</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0087235</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>252</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>253</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>254</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1181</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6856</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>132892</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>140626</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::EiMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>151</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>260</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>261</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>262</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>250152</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>250153</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>250154</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>270090</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>270091</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>270092</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2443924</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2443925</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2443926</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2522013</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2522014</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2522015</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1127</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1182</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5952</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5953</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5954</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5955</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5956</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5957</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5958</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5959</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5960</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5961</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5962</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5963</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5964</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5965</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5966</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5967</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5968</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5969</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5970</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5971</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Blood</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Detected by NMR in male Charolais cows.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Graham SF, Ruiz-Aracama A, Lommen A, Cannizzo FT, Biolatti B, Elliott CT, Mooney MH: Use of NMR metabolomic plasma profiling methodologies to identify illicit growth-promoting administrations. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2012 Apr;403(2):573-82. doi: 10.1007/s00216-012-5815-z. Epub 2012 Feb 28.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>22370585</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Commercial whole milk with 3.25% fat</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Mung D, Li L: Applying quantitative metabolomics based on chemical isotope labeling LC-MS for detecting potential milk adulterant in human milk. Anal Chim Acta. 2018 Feb 25;1001:78-85. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.019. Epub 2017 Nov 14.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29291809</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Ruminal Fluid</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>181-2390</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>By NMR</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Lee HJ, Jung JY, Oh YK, Lee SS, Madsen EL, Jeon CO: Comparative survey of rumen microbial communities and metabolites across one caprine and three bovine groups, using bar-coded pyrosequencing and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Sep;78(17):5983-93. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00104-12. Epub  2012 Jun 15.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>22706048</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Ruminal Fluid</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>4-49</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>By NMR</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>O'Callaghan TF, Vazquez-Fresno R, Serra-Cayuela A, Dong E, Mandal R, Hennessy D, McAuliffe S, Dillon P, Wishart DS, Stanton C, Ross RP: Pasture Feeding Changes the Bovine Rumen and Milk Metabolome. Metabolites. 2018 Apr 6;8(2). pii: metabo8020027. doi: 10.3390/metabo8020027.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29642378</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Ruminal Fluid</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Detected by NMR in mid-lactating primiparous Holstein cows.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Zhao S, Zhao J, Bu D, Sun P, Wang J, Dong Z: Metabolomics analysis reveals large effect of roughage types on rumen microbial metabolic profile in dairy cows. Lett Appl Microbiol. 2014 Jul;59(1):79-85. doi: 10.1111/lam.12247. Epub 2014 Apr  4.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>24617926</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Ruminal Fluid</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Detected by NMR in bovines in growth and fattening stages.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Lee HJ, Jung JY, Oh YK, Lee SS, Madsen EL, Jeon CO: Comparative survey of rumen microbial communities and metabolites across one caprine and three bovine groups, using bar-coded pyrosequencing and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Sep;78(17):5983-93. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00104-12. Epub  2012 Jun 15.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>22706048</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Ruminal Fluid</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Detected by NMR in bovines in growth and fattening stages.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Lee HJ, Jung JY, Oh YK, Lee SS, Madsen EL, Jeon CO: Comparative survey of rumen microbial communities and metabolites across one caprine and three bovine groups, using bar-coded pyrosequencing and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Sep;78(17):5983-93. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00104-12. Epub  2012 Jun 15.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>22706048</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Ruminal Fluid</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Detected by NMR in bovines in growth and fattening stages.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Lee HJ, Jung JY, Oh YK, Lee SS, Madsen EL, Jeon CO: Comparative survey of rumen microbial communities and metabolites across one caprine and three bovine groups, using bar-coded pyrosequencing and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Sep;78(17):5983-93. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00104-12. Epub  2012 Jun 15.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>22706048</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Ruminal Fluid</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>132 +/- 116</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>By NMR</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Aidin Foroutan, Carolyn Fitzsimmons, Rupasri Mandal, Hamed Piri‐Moghadam, Jiamin Zheng, AnChi Guo, Carin Li, Le Luo Guan and David S. Wishart. The Bovine Metabolome. Metabolites 2020, 10, 233; doi:10.3390/metabo10060233</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <kegg_id>C00218</kegg_id>
  <drugbank_id>DB01828</drugbank_id>
  <foodb_id>FDB003958</foodb_id>
  <chemspider_id>6089</chemspider_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>6329</pubchem_compound_id>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <chebi_id>16830</chebi_id>
  <meta_cyc_id>METHYLAMINE</meta_cyc_id>
  <knapsack_id/>
  <wikipedia_id>Methylamine</wikipedia_id>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <bigg_id>1800349</bigg_id>
  <metlin_id>3767</metlin_id>
  <synthesis_reference>Denham, William S.; Knapp, Lionel F. The preparation of methylamine from ammonium methyl sulfate. Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions (1920), 117 236-47.</synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Mung D, Li L: Development of Chemical Isotope Labeling LC-MS for Milk Metabolomics: Comprehensive and Quantitative Profiling of the Amine/Phenol Submetabolome. Anal Chem. 2017 Apr 18;89(8):4435-4443. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03737. Epub 2017 Mar 28.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>28306241</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Mung D, Li L: Applying quantitative metabolomics based on chemical isotope labeling LC-MS for detecting potential milk adulterant in human milk. Anal Chim Acta. 2018 Feb 25;1001:78-85. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.019. Epub 2017 Nov 14.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>29291809</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP00890</protein_accession>
      <name>Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A</name>
      <uniprot_id>P21398</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>MAOA</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
