<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 22:33:50 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-06-04 20:38:12 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0000628</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB00628</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>Epitestosterone</name>
  <description>Testosterone belongs to the class of organic compounds known as androgens and derivatives. These are 3-hydroxylated C19 steroid hormones. They are known to favor the development of masculine characteristics. They also show profound effects on scalp and body hair in humans. Thus, testosterone is considered to be a steroid lipid molecule. Testosterone exists as a solid, very hydrophobic, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral molecule. Testosterone exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Testosterone participates in a number of enzymatic reactions, within cattle. In particular, Testosterone can be converted into 19-hydroxytestosterone; which is catalyzed by the enzyme cytochrome P450 19A1. In addition, Testosterone can be converted into androstenedione; which is catalyzed by the enzyme testosterone 17-beta-dehydrogenase 3. In cattle, testosterone is involved in the metabolic pathway called the androgen and estrogen metabolism pathway. Testosterone is a potentially toxic compound.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>Epi-testosterone</synonym>
    <synonym>17-Epitestosterone</synonym>
    <synonym>17a-cis-Testosterone</synonym>
    <synonym>cis-Testosterone</synonym>
    <synonym>Isotestosterone</synonym>
    <synonym>17-alpha-Testosterone</synonym>
    <synonym>17 alpha Testosterone</synonym>
    <synonym>Epitestosterone</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C19H28O2</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>288.4244</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>288.20893014</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(1S,2R,10R,11S,14R,15S)-14-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>(1S,2R,10R,11S,14R,15S)-14-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>481-30-1</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>[H][C@@]12CC[C@@H](O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]12C</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C19H28O2/c1-18-9-7-13(20)11-12(18)3-4-14-15-5-6-17(21)19(15,2)10-8-16(14)18/h11,14-17,21H,3-10H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,16-,17+,18-,19-/m0/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>MUMGGOZAMZWBJJ-KZYORJDKSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as androgens and derivatives. These are 3-hydroxylated C19 steroid hormones. They are known to favor the development of masculine characteristics. They also show profound effects on scalp and body hair in humans.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Lipids and lipid-like molecules</super_class>
    <class>Steroids and steroid derivatives</class>
    <sub_class>Androstane steroids</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Androgens and derivatives</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>17-hydroxysteroids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>3-oxo delta-4-steroids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Cyclic alcohols and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Cyclohexenones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Delta-4-steroids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>17-hydroxysteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>3-oxo-delta-4-steroid</substituent>
      <substituent>3-oxosteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Androgen-skeleton</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Cyclic alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Cyclic ketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Cyclohexenone</substituent>
      <substituent>Delta-4-steroid</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxysteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>Ketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxosteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>17alpha-hydroxy steroid</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>3-oxo steroid</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>C19 steroids (androgens) and derivatives</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>androstanoid</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.99</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-3.94</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>3.37</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>19.09</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-0.88</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>(1S,2R,10R,11S,14R,15S)-14-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>288.4244</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>288.20893014</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>[H][C@@]12CC[C@@H](O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]12C</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C19H28O2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C19H28O2/c1-18-9-7-13(20)11-12(18)3-4-14-15-5-6-17(21)19(15,2)10-8-16(14)18/h11,14-17,21H,3-10H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,16-,17+,18-,19-/m0/s1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>MUMGGOZAMZWBJJ-KZYORJDKSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>37.3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>84.43</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>33.93</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Androgen and Estrogen Metabolism</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0087251</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Androstenedione Metabolism</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0087271</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::EiMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1982</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1389</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1444</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>17832</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>29861</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>37660</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>99589</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102629</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102630</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102631</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102632</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102633</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102634</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102635</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102636</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102637</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102638</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102639</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>131213</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>138947</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1070701</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1070703</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1070705</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>855</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>856</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>857</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>247947</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>247948</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>247949</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>267888</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>267889</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>267890</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439851</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>450073</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2239929</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2241797</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2241951</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2293935</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2293936</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2293937</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2640958</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2640959</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2640960</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Adrenal Gland</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.000245</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>Half skim milk</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Courant F, Antignac JP, Laille J, Monteau F, Andre F, Le Bizec B: Exposure assessment of prepubertal children to steroid endocrine disruptors. 2. Determination of steroid hormones in milk, egg, and meat samples. J Agric Food Chem. 2008 May 14;56(9):3176-84. doi: 10.1021/jf800096f. Epub 2008 Apr 16.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>18412364</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.000177</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>Skim milk</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Courant F, Antignac JP, Laille J, Monteau F, Andre F, Le Bizec B: Exposure assessment of prepubertal children to steroid endocrine disruptors. 2. Determination of steroid hormones in milk, egg, and meat samples. J Agric Food Chem. 2008 May 14;56(9):3176-84. doi: 10.1021/jf800096f. Epub 2008 Apr 16.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>18412364</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.000344</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>Whole milk</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Courant F, Antignac JP, Laille J, Monteau F, Andre F, Le Bizec B: Exposure assessment of prepubertal children to steroid endocrine disruptors. 2. Determination of steroid hormones in milk, egg, and meat samples. J Agric Food Chem. 2008 May 14;56(9):3176-84. doi: 10.1021/jf800096f. Epub 2008 Apr 16.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>18412364</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Ovary</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Prostate Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Testis</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <kegg_id/>
  <foodb_id>FDB011544</foodb_id>
  <chemspider_id>9789</chemspider_id>
  <drugbank_id>DB07768</drugbank_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>10204</pubchem_compound_id>
  <knapsack_id/>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <chebi_id>42534</chebi_id>
  <meta_cyc_id/>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <bigg_id/>
  <wikipedia_id>Epitestosterone</wikipedia_id>
  <metlin_id>5601</metlin_id>
  <synthesis_reference>Alvarez, Francisco.  Steroids. CCXLIX. A new synthesis of epitestosterone from pregnenolone acetate via nitrosation.  Steroids  (1963),  2(4),  393-8.</synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Courant F, Antignac JP, Laille J, Monteau F, Andre F, Le Bizec B: Exposure assessment of prepubertal children to steroid endocrine disruptors. 2. Determination of steroid hormones in milk, egg, and meat samples. J Agric Food Chem. 2008 May 14;56(9):3176-84. doi: 10.1021/jf800096f. Epub 2008 Apr 16.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>18412364</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
