<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 22:34:34 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-04-22 15:04:41 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0000665</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB00665</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>Leucinic acid</name>
  <description/>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxyisocaproic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxyisohexanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxyisocaproic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Leucic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxyisocaproate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxyisohexanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hydroxyisocaproate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hydroxyisocaproic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxyisocaproate</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-hydroxyisocaproate</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-hydroxyisocaproic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Leucate</synonym>
    <synonym>Leucinate</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxyisocaproic acid, (R)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxyisocaproic acid, calcium (2:1) salt, (S)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxyisocaproic acid, monosodium salt</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxyisocaproic acid, (S)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-4-methyl-valerate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-4-methyl-valeric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-4-methylvalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-4-methylvaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hydroxy-iso-caproate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hydroxy-iso-caproic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxy-iso-caproate</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxy-iso-caproic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-2-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-2-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-2-Hydroxyisocaproate</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-2-Hydroxyisocaproic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-a-Hydroxyisocaproate</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-a-Hydroxyisocaproic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-alpha-Hydroxyisocaproate</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-alpha-Hydroxyisocaproic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-Leucate</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-Leucic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Leucinic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C6H12O3</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>132.1577</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>132.07864425</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>leucate</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>498-36-2</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CC(C)CC(O)C(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C6H12O3/c1-4(2)3-5(7)6(8)9/h4-5,7H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)</inchi>
  <inchikey>LVRFTAZAXQPQHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxy fatty acids. These are fatty acids in which the chain bears a hydroxyl group.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Lipids and lipid-like molecules</super_class>
    <class>Fatty Acyls</class>
    <sub_class>Fatty acids and conjugates</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Hydroxy fatty acids</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Methyl-branched fatty acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-hydroxy acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Branched fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxy acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxy fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Methyl-branched fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>2-hydroxy fatty acid</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>Hydroxy fatty acids</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>branched-chain fatty acid</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
    <property>
      <kind>water_solubility</kind>
      <value>886 mg/mL</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.50</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-0.03</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.78</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>4.26</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-3.8</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>132.1577</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>132.07864425</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>CC(C)CC(O)C(O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C6H12O3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C6H12O3/c1-4(2)3-5(7)6(8)9/h4-5,7H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>LVRFTAZAXQPQHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>57.53</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>32.51</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>13.65</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1408</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2589</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>37682</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>130809</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>138543</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072268</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072269</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072271</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072273</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072275</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>909</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>910</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>911</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4351</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>178485</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>178486</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>178487</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>180804</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>180805</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>180806</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439233</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2249086</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2249283</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2689157</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2689158</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2689159</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2993792</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2993793</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2993794</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1463</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5103</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5104</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144790</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144791</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144792</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144793</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144794</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144795</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144796</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144797</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144798</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144799</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144800</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144801</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144802</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144803</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144804</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144805</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144806</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144807</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144808</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144809</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <kegg_id/>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <foodb_id>FDB022171</foodb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>92779</pubchem_compound_id>
  <chemspider_id>83753</chemspider_id>
  <chebi_id>59783</chebi_id>
  <knapsack_id/>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <meta_cyc_id/>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <bigg_id/>
  <wikipedia_id/>
  <metlin_id>5635</metlin_id>
  <synthesis_reference>Camien, Merill N.; Fowler, Audree V.; Dunn, Max S.  Production of a-hydroxy fatty acids by two strains of Lactobacillus casei.    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics  (1959),  83  408-18.</synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
