<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 22:34:40 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-05-11 20:47:46 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0000671</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB00671</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>Indolelactic acid</name>
  <description/>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>Indolelactate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-(indol-3-yl) LACTic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(2S)-2-Hydroxy-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(2S)-2-Hydroxy-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(2S)-2-Hydroxy-3-indoylpropanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(2S)-2-Hydroxy-3-indoylpropionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-2-Hydroxy-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-2-Hydroxy-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-Indole-3-lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(AlphaS)-alpha-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(AlphaS)-alpha-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-propionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(ΑS)-α-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(ΑS)-α-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-propionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-(1H-indol-3-yl)Acetaldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-3-(3-indolyl)propanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-3-(3-indolyl)propionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-(3-Indolyl)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-(3-Indolyl)-2-hydroxypropionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-(3-Indolyl)-DL-lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Indolyllactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Indole-3-L-lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Indole-3-lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-3-(3-Indolyl)lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-Indole-3-lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxy-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxy-1H-indole-3-propionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>beta-(3-Indolyl)lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>beta-Indolyllactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-propionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Β-(3-indolyl)lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Β-indolyllactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Indolelactic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C11H11NO3</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>205.2099</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>205.073893223</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(2S)-2-hydroxy-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>3-(indol-3-yl) lactate</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>7417-65-4</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>O[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)C(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C11H11NO3/c13-10(11(14)15)5-7-6-12-9-4-2-1-3-8(7)9/h1-4,6,10,12-13H,5H2,(H,14,15)/t10-/m0/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>XGILAAMKEQUXLS-JTQLQIEISA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives. Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives are compounds containing a carboxylic acid chain (of at least 2 carbon atoms) linked to an indole ring.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organoheterocyclic compounds</super_class>
    <class>Indoles and derivatives</class>
    <sub_class>Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>3-alkylindoles</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Azacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Benzenoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Heteroaromatic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organonitrogen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organopnictogen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Substituted pyrroles</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>3-alkylindole</substituent>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-hydroxy acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Azacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Heteroaromatic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxy acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Indole</substituent>
      <substituent>Indolyl carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic nitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organonitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organopnictogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyrrole</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Substituted pyrrole</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
    <property>
      <kind>water_solubility</kind>
      <value>17 mg/mL</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>1.33</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-1.99</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>1.28</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>4.14</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-3.9</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>(2S)-2-hydroxy-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>205.2099</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>205.073893223</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>O[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)C(O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C11H11NO3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C11H11NO3/c13-10(11(14)15)5-7-6-12-9-4-2-1-3-8(7)9/h1-4,6,10,12-13H,5H2,(H,14,15)/t10-/m0/s1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>XGILAAMKEQUXLS-JTQLQIEISA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>73.32</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>54.55</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>20.7</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>727</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>728</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>729</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>254661</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>254662</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>254663</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>274602</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>274603</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>274604</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1448550</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1448551</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1448552</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1448553</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1448554</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1448555</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2829904</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2829905</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2829906</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2852899</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2852900</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2852901</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>7582</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102804</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102805</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102806</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102807</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102808</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102809</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>135549</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>143283</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072328</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072329</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072331</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072333</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072335</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072337</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072339</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072341</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072342</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072344</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072346</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1072348</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>2066</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5249</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144810</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144811</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144812</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144813</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144814</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144815</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144816</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144817</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144818</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144819</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144820</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144821</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144822</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144823</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144824</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144825</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144826</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144827</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144828</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>144829</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Blood</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Samples collected from 16 multiparous Holstein cows </comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Sun HZ, Wang DM, Wang B, Wang JK, Liu HY, Guan le L, Liu JX: Metabolomics of four biofluids from dairy cows: potential biomarkers for milk production and quality. J Proteome Res. 2015 Feb 6;14(2):1287-98. doi: 10.1021/pr501305g. Epub 2015 Jan 28.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>25599412</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Liver</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>8 multiparous Chinese Holstein dairy cows fed in the Hangzhou Hangjiang Dairy Farm based on the milk production under alfalfa hay based diets. Detection used gas chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) platform.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Sun HZ, Zhou M, Wang O, Chen Y, Liu JX, Guan LL: Multi-omics reveals functional genomic and metabolic mechanisms of milk production and quality in dairy cows. Bioinformatics. 2020 Apr 15;36(8):2530-2537. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz951.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>31873721</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Liver</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>8 multiparous Chinese Holstein dairy cows fed in the Hangzhou Hangjiang Dairy Farm based on the milk production under corn stover based diets. Detection used gas chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) platform.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Sun HZ, Zhou M, Wang O, Chen Y, Liu JX, Guan LL: Multi-omics reveals functional genomic and metabolic mechanisms of milk production and quality in dairy cows. Bioinformatics. 2020 Apr 15;36(8):2530-2537. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz951.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>31873721</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Placenta</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Prostate Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <foodb_id>FDB022174</foodb_id>
  <chemspider_id>588900</chemspider_id>
  <drugbank_id>DB07060</drugbank_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>676157</pubchem_compound_id>
  <kegg_id>C02043</kegg_id>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <knapsack_id>C00052322</knapsack_id>
  <meta_cyc_id>INDOLE_LACTATE</meta_cyc_id>
  <wikipedia_id/>
  <bigg_id/>
  <metlin_id/>
  <synthesis_reference>Narayanan, T. K.; Rao, G. Ramananda.  Beta-indoleethanol and beta-indolelactic acid production by Candida species:  Their antibacterial and autoantibiotic action.    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy  (1976),  9(3),  375-80.</synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
