<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 22:43:16 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-05-19 22:01:07 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0001263</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB01263</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>Allysine</name>
  <description>Allysine, also known as 6-oxonorleucine or alpha-aasa, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon). Allysine is possibly soluble (in water) and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Allysine exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Allysine participates in a number of enzymatic reactions, within cattle. In particular, Allysine and L-glutamic acid can be biosynthesized from saccharopine through the action of the enzyme Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrial. In addition, Allysine can be converted into aminoadipic acid; which is catalyzed by the enzyme Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase. In cattle, allysine is involved in the metabolic pathway called the lysine degradation pathway. Allysine is a potentially toxic compound.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>2-Amino-5-formylvaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>6-Oxonorleucine</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Aminoadipic acid delta-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Aminoadipic delta-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>HCO-[CH2]3-CH(NH2)-COOH</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Amino-5-formylvalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Aminoadipic acid 6-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Aminoadipate delta-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Aminoadipic acid delta-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Aminoadipate delta-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-aminoadipate δ-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-aminoadipic acid δ-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Aminoadipic delta-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-aminoadipic δ-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Aminoadipate δ-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Aminoadipic acid δ-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Aminoadipic δ-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>(2S)-2-amino-6-Oxohexanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(2S)-2-amino-6-Oxohexanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-amino-Hexanedioate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-amino-Hexanedioic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-amino-Hexanedioic acid semialdhyde</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Aminoadipate semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Aminoadipate-6-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>5-Formyl-norvaline</synonym>
    <synonym>6-oxo-L-Norleucine</synonym>
    <synonym>6-oxo-Norleucine</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Aminoadipic semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>L-2-Aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>L-6-Oxonorleucine</synonym>
    <synonym>L-Allysine</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Aminoadipic semialdehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-AASA</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Aminoadipate semialdehyde</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C6H11NO3</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>145.1564</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>145.073893223</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>2-amino-6-oxohexanoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>allysine</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>1962-83-0</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>NC(CCCC=O)C(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C6H11NO3/c7-5(6(9)10)3-1-2-4-8/h4-5H,1-3,7H2,(H,9,10)</inchi>
  <inchikey>GFXYTQPNNXGICT-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon).</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic acids and derivatives</super_class>
    <class>Carboxylic acids and derivatives</class>
    <sub_class>Amino acids, peptides, and analogues</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Alpha amino acids</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Alpha-hydrogen aldehydes</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Amino acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Amino fatty acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Medium-chain fatty acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monoalkylamines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organopnictogen compounds</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aldehyde</substituent>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-amino acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-hydrogen aldehyde</substituent>
      <substituent>Amine</substituent>
      <substituent>Amino acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Amino fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Fatty acyl</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Medium-chain fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic nitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organonitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organopnictogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary aliphatic amine</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary amine</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-2.20</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-0.47</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-2.9</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>2.25</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>9.33</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>2-amino-6-oxohexanoic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>145.1564</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>145.073893223</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>NC(CCCC=O)C(O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C6H11NO3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C6H11NO3/c7-5(6(9)10)3-1-2-4-8/h4-5H,1-3,7H2,(H,9,10)</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>GFXYTQPNNXGICT-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>80.39</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>34.96</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>14.59</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>5</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Lysine Degradation</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0087203</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2379</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>37998</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>90462</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>90463</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>90464</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>153621</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>153622</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>153623</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3605167</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3605168</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3605169</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3605170</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3605171</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3605172</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>318991</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>318992</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>318993</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>318994</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>318995</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>318996</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>318997</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>318998</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>318999</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>319000</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>319001</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>319002</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>319003</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>319004</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>319005</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>319006</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>319007</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>319008</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>319009</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>319010</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>By UPLC-Q-TOF</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Pan L, Yu J, Mi Z, Mo L, Jin H, Yao C, Ren D, Menghe B: A Metabolomics Approach Uncovers Differences between Traditional and Commercial Dairy Products in Buryatia (Russian Federation). Molecules. 2018 Mar 22;23(4). pii: molecules23040735. doi: 10.3390/molecules23040735.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29565828</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <foodb_id>FDB022519</foodb_id>
  <chemspider_id>202</chemspider_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chebi_id>17027</chebi_id>
  <knapsack_id>C00051877</knapsack_id>
  <kegg_id/>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <meta_cyc_id/>
  <wikipedia_id/>
  <bigg_id/>
  <metlin_id/>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <synthesis_reference/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Pan L, Yu J, Mi Z, Mo L, Jin H, Yao C, Ren D, Menghe B: A Metabolomics Approach Uncovers Differences between Traditional and Commercial Dairy Products in Buryatia (Russian Federation). Molecules. 2018 Mar 22;23(4). pii: molecules23040735. doi: 10.3390/molecules23040735.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>29565828</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP00631</protein_accession>
      <name>Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrial</name>
      <uniprot_id>A8E657</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>AASS</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP00632</protein_accession>
      <name>Saccharopine dehydrogenase-like oxidoreductase</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q3T067</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>SCCPDH</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP00954</protein_accession>
      <name>Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q2KJC9</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>ALDH7A1</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
