<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 23:05:11 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-06-04 18:57:22 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0003543</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB03543</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>Butanal</name>
  <description>Butanal, also known as butyral or butyl aldehyde, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha-hydrogen aldehydes. These are aldehydes with the general formula HC(H)(R)C(=O)H, where R is an organyl group. Butanal exists as a solid, possibly soluble (in water), and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa) molecule. Butanal exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>1-Butanal</synonym>
    <synonym>Aldehyde butyrique</synonym>
    <synonym>Aldeide butirrica</synonym>
    <synonym>Butal</synonym>
    <synonym>Butaldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Butan-1-al</synonym>
    <synonym>Butanaldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Butyl aldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Butylaldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Butyral</synonym>
    <synonym>Butyraldehyd</synonym>
    <synonym>Butyraldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Butyric aldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Butyrylaldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>N-Butanal</synonym>
    <synonym>N-Butyl aldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>N-Butyraldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>N-C3H7CHO</synonym>
    <synonym>Butalyde</synonym>
    <synonym>N-Butylaldehyde</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C4H8O</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>72.1057</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>72.057514878</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>butanal</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>butoxide</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>123-72-8</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CCCC=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C4H8O/c1-2-3-4-5/h4H,2-3H2,1H3</inchi>
  <inchikey>ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha-hydrogen aldehydes. These are aldehydes with the general formula HC(H)(R)C(=O)H, where R is an organyl group.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic oxygen compounds</super_class>
    <class>Organooxygen compounds</class>
    <sub_class>Carbonyl compounds</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Alpha-hydrogen aldehydes</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Short-chain aldehydes</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-hydrogen aldehyde</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Short-chain aldehyde</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>an &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;-alkanal</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>butanals</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Liquid</state>
    <property>
      <kind>melting_point</kind>
      <value>-99 °C</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>water_solubility</kind>
      <value>71 mg/mL at 25 °C</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.88</value>
      <source>HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)</source>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>1.10</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-0.15</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.76</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>17.97</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-6.9</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>butanal</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>72.1057</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>72.057514878</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>CCCC=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C4H8O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C4H8O/c1-2-3-4-5/h4H,2-3H2,1H3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>17.07</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>20.95</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>8.32</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>2005</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>2006</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1910</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>13420</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>27017</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>29513</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31765</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31766</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31767</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>99817</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>99818</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>99819</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>99820</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>99821</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>151376</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2322</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2323</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2324</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>5981</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>5982</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20054</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20055</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20056</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21605</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21606</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21607</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2235819</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2237573</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2237886</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2239676</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2240041</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2297270</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2297271</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2297272</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2637712</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2637713</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2637714</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1975</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>3824</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>4089</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28202</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28203</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28204</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28205</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28206</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28207</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28208</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28209</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28210</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28211</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28212</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28213</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28214</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28215</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28216</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28217</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28218</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28219</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28220</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>28221</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::EiMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1840</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Mammary Gland</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>8 multiparous Chinese Holstein dairy cows fed in the Hangzhou Hangjiang Dairy Farm based on the milk production under corn stover based diets. Detection used gas chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) platform.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Sun HZ, Zhou M, Wang O, Chen Y, Liu JX, Guan LL: Multi-omics reveals functional genomic and metabolic mechanisms of milk production and quality in dairy cows. Bioinformatics. 2020 Apr 15;36(8):2530-2537. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz951.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>31873721</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Mammary Gland</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>8 multiparous Chinese Holstein dairy cows fed in the Hangzhou Hangjiang Dairy Farm based on the milk production under alfalfa hay based diets. Detection used gas chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) platform.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Sun HZ, Zhou M, Wang O, Chen Y, Liu JX, Guan LL: Multi-omics reveals functional genomic and metabolic mechanisms of milk production and quality in dairy cows. Bioinformatics. 2020 Apr 15;36(8):2530-2537. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz951.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>31873721</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.02 +/- 0.05</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>mg/100g dry matter content</concentration_units>
      <comment>Italian raw milk</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Brigitta Gaspardo et al. Determination of volatile fractions in raw milk and ripened cheese by means of GC-MS. Results of a survey performed in the marginal area between Italy and Slovenia. Italian Jounal of Animal Science Vol 8, 377-390, 2009</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.05 +/- 0.07</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>mg/100g dry matter content</concentration_units>
      <comment>Slovenian raw milk</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Brigitta Gaspardo et al. Determination of volatile fractions in raw milk and ripened cheese by means of GC-MS. Results of a survey performed in the marginal area between Italy and Slovenia. Italian Jounal of Animal Science Vol 8, 377-390, 2009</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Skeletal Muscle</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <foodb_id>FDB003378</foodb_id>
  <kegg_id>C01412</kegg_id>
  <chemspider_id>256</chemspider_id>
  <knapsack_id>C00050431</knapsack_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>261</pubchem_compound_id>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <chebi_id>15743</chebi_id>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <meta_cyc_id>BUTANAL</meta_cyc_id>
  <wikipedia_id>Butanal</wikipedia_id>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <bigg_id/>
  <metlin_id>6947</metlin_id>
  <synthesis_reference>Weizmann, Charles; Garrard, Stanley Frederick. Some condensations of butyl alcohol and butyraldehyde. Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions (1920), 117 324-38.</synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Brigitta Gaspardo et al. Determination of volatile fractions in raw milk and ripened cheese by means of GC-MS. Results of a survey performed in the marginal area between Italy and Slovenia. Italian Jounal of Animal Science Vol 8, 377-390, 2009</reference_text>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
