1.0 2016-09-30 23:15:09 UTC 2020-06-04 22:49:00 UTC BMDB0005066 BMDB05066 Tetradecanoylcarnitine Tetradecanoylcarnitine, also known as (R)-myristoylcarnitine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyl carnitines. These are organic compounds containing a fatty acid with the carboxylic acid attached to carnitine through an ester bond. Thus, tetradecanoylcarnitine is considered to be a fatty ester lipid molecule. Tetradecanoylcarnitine is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Tetradecanoylcarnitine exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Tetradecanoylcarnitine has been found to be associated with several diseases known as pregnancy and obesity; also tetradecanoylcarnitine has been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including glutaric aciduria II and very long chain acyl-coa dehydrogenase deficiency. (-)-Myristoylcarnitine (-)-Tetradecanoylcarnitine (R)-Myristoylcarnitine (R)-Tetradecanoylcarnitine L-Myristoylcarnitine Myristoyl-L-(-)-carnitine Myristoyl-L-carnitine Myristoylcarnitine O-Tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitine Tetradecanoyl-L-carnitine C14 Carnitine Tetradecanoylcarnitine C21H41NO4 371.5545 371.303558805 (3R)-3-(tetradecanoyloxy)-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate (3R)-3-(tetradecanoyloxy)-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate 25597-07-3 CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[C@H](CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C InChI=1S/C21H41NO4/c1-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-21(25)26-19(17-20(23)24)18-22(2,3)4/h19H,5-18H2,1-4H3/t19-/m1/s1 PSHXNVGSVNEJBD-LJQANCHMSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyl carnitines. These are organic compounds containing a fatty acid with the carboxylic acid attached to carnitine through an ester bond. Organic compounds Lipids and lipid-like molecules Fatty Acyls Fatty acid esters Acyl carnitines Amines Carbonyl compounds Carboxylic acid esters Carboxylic acid salts Carboxylic acids Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives Hydrocarbon derivatives Organic oxides Organic salts Organopnictogen compounds Tetraalkylammonium salts Acyl-carnitine Aliphatic acyclic compound Amine Carbonyl group Carboxylic acid Carboxylic acid derivative Carboxylic acid ester Carboxylic acid salt Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives Hydrocarbon derivative Organic nitrogen compound Organic oxide Organic oxygen compound Organic salt Organonitrogen compound Organooxygen compound Organopnictogen compound Quaternary ammonium salt Tetraalkylammonium salt Aliphatic acyclic compounds O-acyl-L-carnitine O-tetradecanoylcarnitine Solid logp 0.86 ALOGPS logs -7.40 ALOGPS logp 1.14 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 4.22 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -7.1 ChemAxon iupac (3R)-3-(tetradecanoyloxy)-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate ChemAxon average_mass 371.5545 ChemAxon mono_mass 371.303558805 ChemAxon smiles CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[C@H](CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C ChemAxon formula C21H41NO4 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C21H41NO4/c1-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-21(25)26-19(17-20(23)24)18-22(2,3)4/h19H,5-18H2,1-4H3/t19-/m1/s1 ChemAxon inchikey PSHXNVGSVNEJBD-LJQANCHMSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 66.43 ChemAxon refractivity 127.87 ChemAxon polarizability 46.06 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 18 ChemAxon acceptor_count 3 ChemAxon donor_count 0 ChemAxon physiological_charge 0 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon number_of_rings 0 ChemAxon bioavailability 1 ChemAxon rule_of_five Yes ChemAxon ghose_filter Yes ChemAxon veber_rule Yes ChemAxon mddr_like_rule Yes ChemAxon Specdb::CMs 3371 Specdb::CMs 165617 Specdb::MsMs 2885339 Specdb::MsMs 2885340 Specdb::MsMs 2885341 Blood 0.011 +/- 0.004 uM Detected by ESI-MS/MS in male Charolais x German Holstein Widmann P, Reverter A, Weikard R, Suhre K, Hammon HM, Albrecht E, Kuehn C: Systems biology analysis merging phenotype, metabolomic and genomic data identifies Non-SMC Condensin I Complex, Subunit G (NCAPG) and cellular maintenance processes as major contributors to genetic variability in bovine feed efficiency. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 15;10(4):e0124574. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124574. eCollection 2015. 25875852 Blood 0.02 +/- 0.01 uM By LC-MS/MS Aidin Foroutan, Carolyn Fitzsimmons, Rupasri Mandal, Hamed Piri‐Moghadam, Jiamin Zheng, AnChi Guo, Carin Li, Le Luo Guan and David S. Wishart. The Bovine Metabolome. Metabolites 2020, 10, 233; doi:10.3390/metabo10060233 Blood 0.01-0.02 uM By LC-MS/MS Sadri H, von Soosten D, Meyer U, Kluess J, Danicke S, Saremi B, Sauerwein H: Plasma amino acids and metabolic profiling of dairy cows in response to a bolus duodenal infusion of leucine. PLoS One. 2017 Apr 28;12(4):e0176647. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176647. eCollection 2017. 28453535 Liver 0.011 +/- 0.003 nmol/g of tissue By LC-MS/MS Aidin Foroutan, Carolyn Fitzsimmons, Rupasri Mandal, Hamed Piri‐Moghadam, Jiamin Zheng, AnChi Guo, Carin Li, Le Luo Guan and David S. Wishart. The Bovine Metabolome. Metabolites 2020, 10, 233; doi:10.3390/metabo10060233 Longissimus Thoracis Muscle 0.02 +/- 0.01 nmol/g of tissue By LC-MS/MS Aidin Foroutan, Carolyn Fitzsimmons, Rupasri Mandal, Hamed Piri‐Moghadam, Jiamin Zheng, AnChi Guo, Carin Li, Le Luo Guan and David S. Wishart. The Bovine Metabolome. Metabolites 2020, 10, 233; doi:10.3390/metabo10060233 Milk Whole milk Jensen RG: The composition of bovine milk lipids: January 1995 to December 2000. J Dairy Sci. 2002 Feb;85(2):295-350. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74079-4. 11913692 Milk Jensen RG, Ferris AM, Lammi-Keefe CJ: The composition of milk fat. J Dairy Sci. 1991 Sep;74(9):3228-43. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78509-3. 1779072 Milk 0.124 +/- 0.003 uM Commercial 1% milk by LC-HRMS Foroutan A, Guo AC, Vazquez-Fresno R, Lipfert M, Zhang L, Zheng J, Badran H, Budinski Z, Mandal R, Ametaj BN, Wishart DS: Chemical Composition of Commercial Cow's Milk. J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Apr 17. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00204. 30994344 Milk 0.149 +/- 0.003 uM Commercial 2% milk by LC-HRMS Foroutan A, Guo AC, Vazquez-Fresno R, Lipfert M, Zhang L, Zheng J, Badran H, Budinski Z, Mandal R, Ametaj BN, Wishart DS: Chemical Composition of Commercial Cow's Milk. J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Apr 17. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00204. 30994344 Milk 0.171 +/- 0.004 uM Commercial 3.25% milk by LC-HRMS Foroutan A, Guo AC, Vazquez-Fresno R, Lipfert M, Zhang L, Zheng J, Badran H, Budinski Z, Mandal R, Ametaj BN, Wishart DS: Chemical Composition of Commercial Cow's Milk. J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Apr 17. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00204. 30994344 Milk 0.10 +/- 0.01 uM Commercial skim milk by LC-HRMS Foroutan A, Guo AC, Vazquez-Fresno R, Lipfert M, Zhang L, Zheng J, Badran H, Budinski Z, Mandal R, Ametaj BN, Wishart DS: Chemical Composition of Commercial Cow's Milk. J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Apr 17. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00204. 30994344 Muscle Samples have been collected from Heifer cows. Osorio MT, Downey G, Moloney AP, Rohrle FT, Luciano G, Schmidt O, Monahan FJ: Beef authentication using dietary markers: chemometric selection and modelling of significant beef biomarkers using concatenated data from multiple analytical methods. Food Chem. 2013 Dec 1;141(3):2795-801. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.118. Epub 2013 Jun 5. 23871026 Placenta Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089. 29140435 Ruminal Fluid 0.009 +/- 0.002 uM By LC-MS/MS Aidin Foroutan, Carolyn Fitzsimmons, Rupasri Mandal, Hamed Piri‐Moghadam, Jiamin Zheng, AnChi Guo, Carin Li, Le Luo Guan and David S. Wishart. The Bovine Metabolome. Metabolites 2020, 10, 233; doi:10.3390/metabo10060233 Semimembranosus Muscle 0.01 +/- 0.01 nmol/g of tissue By LC-MS/MS Aidin Foroutan, Carolyn Fitzsimmons, Rupasri Mandal, Hamed Piri‐Moghadam, Jiamin Zheng, AnChi Guo, Carin Li, Le Luo Guan and David S. Wishart. The Bovine Metabolome. Metabolites 2020, 10, 233; doi:10.3390/metabo10060233 Testis 0.02 +/- 0.01 nmol/g of tissue By LC-MS/MS Aidin Foroutan, Carolyn Fitzsimmons, Rupasri Mandal, Hamed Piri‐Moghadam, Jiamin Zheng, AnChi Guo, Carin Li, Le Luo Guan and David S. Wishart. The Bovine Metabolome. Metabolites 2020, 10, 233; doi:10.3390/metabo10060233 30776567 84634 53477791 FDB023615 C00052417 Jensen RG: The composition of bovine milk lipids: January 1995 to December 2000. J Dairy Sci. 2002 Feb;85(2):295-350. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74079-4. 11913692 Colman E, Fokkink WB, Craninx M, Newbold JR, De Baets B, Fievez V: Effect of induction of subacute ruminal acidosis on milk fat profile and rumen parameters. J Dairy Sci. 2010 Oct;93(10):4759-73. doi: 10.3168/jds.2010-3158. 20855010 Keenan TW, Morre DJ, Olson DE, Yunghans WN, Patton S: Biochemical and morphological comparison of plasma membrane and milk fat globule membrane from bovine mammary gland. J Cell Biol. 1970 Jan;44(1):80-93. 5409465 A. Foroutan et al. The Chemical Composition of Commercial Cow's Milk (in preparation)