<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 23:18:44 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-04-22 15:16:23 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0005801</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB05801</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>Kaempferol</name>
  <description/>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>3,4',5,7-Tetrahydroxyflavone</synonym>
    <synonym>4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavonol</synonym>
    <synonym>5,7,4'-Trihydroxyflavonol</synonym>
    <synonym>C.I. 75640</synonym>
    <synonym>Campherol</synonym>
    <synonym>Indigo yellow</synonym>
    <synonym>Kaempherol</synonym>
    <synonym>Kampherol</synonym>
    <synonym>Kempferol</synonym>
    <synonym>Nimbecetin</synonym>
    <synonym>Pelargidenolon</synonym>
    <synonym>Populnetin</synonym>
    <synonym>Rhamnolutein</synonym>
    <synonym>Rhamnolutin</synonym>
    <synonym>Robigenin</synonym>
    <synonym>Swartziol</synonym>
    <synonym>Trifolitin</synonym>
    <synonym>3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one</synonym>
    <synonym>3,4',5,7-Tetrahydroxy-flavone (7ci,8ci)</synonym>
    <synonym>3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one</synonym>
    <synonym>Kampferol</synonym>
    <synonym>3,4’,5,7-Tetrahydroxyflavone</synonym>
    <synonym>3,5,7,4'-Tetrahydroxyflavone</synonym>
    <synonym>3,5,7,4’-Tetrahydroxyflavone</synonym>
    <synonym>3'-Deoxyquercetin</synonym>
    <synonym>3’-Deoxyquercetin</synonym>
    <synonym>5,7,4’-Trihydroxyflavonol</synonym>
    <synonym>Kaemferol</synonym>
    <synonym>Kaempferol</synonym>
    <synonym>Kampcetin</synonym>
    <synonym>Pelargidenon</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C15H10O6</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>286.2363</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>286.047738052</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>kaempferol</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>520-18-3</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>OC1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=C(O)C(=O)C2=C(O1)C=C(O)C=C2O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C15H10O6/c16-8-3-1-7(2-4-8)15-14(20)13(19)12-10(18)5-9(17)6-11(12)21-15/h1-6,16-18,20H</inchi>
  <inchikey>IYRMWMYZSQPJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as flavonols. Flavonols are compounds that contain a flavone (2-phenyl-1-benzopyran-4-one) backbone carrying a hydroxyl group at the 3-position.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Phenylpropanoids and polyketides</super_class>
    <class>Flavonoids</class>
    <sub_class>Flavones</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Flavonols</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>3-hydroxyflavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>4'-hydroxyflavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>5-hydroxyflavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>7-hydroxyflavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Benzene and substituted derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Chromones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Heteroaromatic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Polyols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Pyranones and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Vinylogous acids</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>1-benzopyran</substituent>
      <substituent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>3-hydroxyflavone</substituent>
      <substituent>3-hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>4'-hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>5-hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>7-hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzopyran</substituent>
      <substituent>Chromone</substituent>
      <substituent>Heteroaromatic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocyclic benzene moiety</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organoheterocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenol</substituent>
      <substituent>Polyol</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyran</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyranone</substituent>
      <substituent>Vinylogous acid</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>7-hydroxyflavonol</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>Flavones and Flavonols</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>Flavones and Flavonols</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>flavonols</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>flavonols</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>tetrahydroxyflavone</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
    <property>
      <kind>melting_point</kind>
      <value>285 - 287 °C</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>1.99</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-3.21</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.46</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>6.38</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-3.9</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>286.2363</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>286.047738052</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>OC1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=C(O)C(=O)C2=C(O1)C=C(O)C=C2O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C15H10O6</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C15H10O6/c16-8-3-1-7(2-4-8)15-14(20)13(19)12-10(18)5-9(17)6-11(12)21-15/h1-6,16-18,20H</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>IYRMWMYZSQPJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>107.22</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>74.88</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>27.59</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>6</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1963</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>2028</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>2433</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>166376</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>166671</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>854</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2257</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3322</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>26871</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>30579</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31531</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>38896</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>173339</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2448</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2449</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2450</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6073</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6075</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6076</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6077</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6078</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6079</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6080</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6081</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6082</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>179922</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>179923</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>179924</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>182256</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>182257</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>182258</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>285609</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>285610</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>285611</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>285612</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>373793</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>373794</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>373795</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <foodb_id>FDB000633</foodb_id>
  <drugbank_id>DB01852</drugbank_id>
  <chemspider_id>4444395</chemspider_id>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id>290</phenol_explorer_compound_id>
  <kegg_id>C05903</kegg_id>
  <knapsack_id>C00004565</knapsack_id>
  <chebi_id>28499</chebi_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>5280863</pubchem_compound_id>
  <pdbe_id>KMP</pdbe_id>
  <meta_cyc_id>CPD1F-90</meta_cyc_id>
  <bigg_id/>
  <wikipedia_id>kaempferol</wikipedia_id>
  <metlin_id/>
  <synthesis_reference>Wuth, B.  Indigo Yellow.    Faerber-Zeitung  (1912),  22  343-5.  CODEN: FAZTAZ  CAN 6:966  AN 1912:966</synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP00116</protein_accession>
      <name>Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 4</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q8SPU8</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>DHRS4</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
