<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 23:23:02 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-06-04 21:15:45 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0006528</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB06528</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>Clupanodonic acid</name>
  <description>Docosapentaenoic acid (22N-3), also known as DPA or docosapentaenoate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as very long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains at least 22 carbon atoms. Docosapentaenoic acid (22N-3) is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Docosapentaenoic acid (22N-3) participates in a number of enzymatic reactions, within cattle. In particular, Docosapentaenoic acid (22N-3) can be biosynthesized from eicosapentaenoic acid through its interaction with the enzyme elongation OF very long chain fatty acids protein 5. In addition, Docosapentaenoic acid (22N-3) can be converted into tetracosapentaenoic acid (24:5N-3); which is catalyzed by the enzyme elongation OF very long chain fatty acids protein 4. In cattle, docosapentaenoic acid (22N-3) is involved in the metabolic pathway called the Alpha linolenic Acid and linoleic Acid metabolism pathway. Docosapentaenoic acid (22N-3) has been found to be associated with the diseases known as colorectal cancer; also docosapentaenoic acid (22n-3) has been linked to the inborn metabolic disorders including isovaleric acidemia.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-Docosa-7,10,13,16,19-pentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(all Z)-7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>all-cis-7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>cis-7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Clupanodonic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Docosa-7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-pentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>DPA</synonym>
    <synonym>DPAn-3</synonym>
    <synonym>7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-Docosa-7,10,13,16,19-pentaenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(all Z)-7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>all-cis-7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>cis-7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>Clupanodonate</synonym>
    <synonym>Docosa-7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-pentaenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>Docosapentaenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-Docosapentaenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>Docosapentaenoate (22N-3)</synonym>
    <synonym>7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoic acid, (all-Z)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>Docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5 N3)</synonym>
    <synonym>Osbond acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(all-Z)-7, 10, 13, 16, 19-Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Docosapentaenoic acid, (all Z)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-Docosa 7,10,13,16,19-pentaenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-Docosa 7,10,13,16,19-pentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>FA(22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z))</synonym>
    <synonym>(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(all-Z)-7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>FA(22:5n3)</synonym>
    <synonym>delta7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>omega3-Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Δ7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>ω3-Docosapentaenoic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C22H34O2</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>330.5042</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>330.255880332</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosa-7,10,13,16,19-pentaenoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>clupanodonic acid</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>24880-45-3</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCC(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C22H34O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22(23)24/h3-4,6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16H,2,5,8,11,14,17-21H2,1H3,(H,23,24)/b4-3-,7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15-</inchi>
  <inchikey>YUFFSWGQGVEMMI-JLNKQSITSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as very long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains at least 22 carbon atoms.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Lipids and lipid-like molecules</super_class>
    <class>Fatty Acyls</class>
    <sub_class>Fatty acids and conjugates</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Very long-chain fatty acids</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Straight chain fatty acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Unsaturated fatty acids</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Straight chain fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Unsaturated fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Very long-chain fatty acid</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>Docosanoids</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>Docosanoids</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>Polyunsaturated fatty acids</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>docosapentaenoic acid</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>omega-3 fatty acid</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>7.08</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-6.45</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>7.11</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>4.96</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosa-7,10,13,16,19-pentaenoic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>330.5042</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>330.255880332</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCC(O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C22H34O2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C22H34O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22(23)24/h3-4,6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16H,2,5,8,11,14,17-21H2,1H3,(H,23,24)/b4-3-,7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15-</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>YUFFSWGQGVEMMI-JLNKQSITSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>37.3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>110.27</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>40.1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>15</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Alpha Linolenic Acid and Linoleic Acid Metabolism</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0087171</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>9590</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>39033</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>158747</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>287158</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>287159</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>287160</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>325921</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>325922</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>325923</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>438641</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439966</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>450256</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2317094</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2317095</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2317096</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2622302</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2622303</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2622304</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299185</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299186</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299187</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299188</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299189</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299190</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299191</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299192</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299193</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299194</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299195</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299196</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299197</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299198</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299199</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299200</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299201</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299202</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299203</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>299204</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Adipose Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Fatty acid of subcutaneous fat from beef steers. Steers were fed grasshay with flaxseed for 205 days.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Petri RM, Mapiye C, Dugan ME, McAllister TA: Subcutaneous adipose fatty acid profiles and related rumen bacterial populations of steers fed red clover or grass hay diets containing flax or sunflower-seed. PLoS One. 2014 Aug 5;9(8):e104167. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104167. eCollection 2014.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>25093808</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Adipose Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Fatty acid of subcutaneous fat from beef steers. Steers were fed grasshay with sunflower seed for 205 days.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Petri RM, Mapiye C, Dugan ME, McAllister TA: Subcutaneous adipose fatty acid profiles and related rumen bacterial populations of steers fed red clover or grass hay diets containing flax or sunflower-seed. PLoS One. 2014 Aug 5;9(8):e104167. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104167. eCollection 2014.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>25093808</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Adipose Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>478.54</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>nmol/g of tissue</concentration_units>
      <comment>Intramuscular (IMF) fat of beef steers fed red clover silage with flaxseed.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>C. Mapiye, T.D.Turner, D.C.Rolland, J.A.Basarab, V.S.Baron, T.A.McAllister, H.C. Block, B.Uttaro, J.L.Aalhus, M.E.R.Dugan. Adipose tissue and muscle fatty acid profiles of steers fed red clover silage with and without flaxseed. Livestock Science. 151(2013)11-20.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Adipose Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>431.0989</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>nmol/g of tissue</concentration_units>
      <comment>Intramuscular (IMF) fat of beef steers fed red clover silage without flaxseed.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>C. Mapiye, T.D.Turner, D.C.Rolland, J.A.Basarab, V.S.Baron, T.A.McAllister, H.C. Block, B.Uttaro, J.L.Aalhus, M.E.R.Dugan. Adipose tissue and muscle fatty acid profiles of steers fed red clover silage with and without flaxseed. Livestock Science. 151(2013)11-20.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Adipose Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>1145.76</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>nmol/g of tissue</concentration_units>
      <comment>Perirenal (PF) fat of beef steers fed red clover silage with flaxseed.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>C. Mapiye, T.D.Turner, D.C.Rolland, J.A.Basarab, V.S.Baron, T.A.McAllister, H.C. Block, B.Uttaro, J.L.Aalhus, M.E.R.Dugan. Adipose tissue and muscle fatty acid profiles of steers fed red clover silage with and without flaxseed. Livestock Science. 151(2013)11-20.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Adipose Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>1381.37</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>nmol/g of tissue</concentration_units>
      <comment>Perirenal (PF) fat of beef steers fed red clover silage without flaxseed.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>C. Mapiye, T.D.Turner, D.C.Rolland, J.A.Basarab, V.S.Baron, T.A.McAllister, H.C. Block, B.Uttaro, J.L.Aalhus, M.E.R.Dugan. Adipose tissue and muscle fatty acid profiles of steers fed red clover silage with and without flaxseed. Livestock Science. 151(2013)11-20.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Adipose Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>1607.91</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>nmol/g of tissue</concentration_units>
      <comment>Subcutaneous (SF) fat of beef steers fed red clover silage with flaxseed.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>C. Mapiye, T.D.Turner, D.C.Rolland, J.A.Basarab, V.S.Baron, T.A.McAllister, H.C. Block, B.Uttaro, J.L.Aalhus, M.E.R.Dugan. Adipose tissue and muscle fatty acid profiles of steers fed red clover silage with and without flaxseed. Livestock Science. 151(2013)11-20.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Adipose Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>1982.67</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>nmol/g of tissue</concentration_units>
      <comment>Subcutaneous (SF) fat of beef steers fed red clover silage without flaxseed.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>C. Mapiye, T.D.Turner, D.C.Rolland, J.A.Basarab, V.S.Baron, T.A.McAllister, H.C. Block, B.Uttaro, J.L.Aalhus, M.E.R.Dugan. Adipose tissue and muscle fatty acid profiles of steers fed red clover silage with and without flaxseed. Livestock Science. 151(2013)11-20.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Adipose Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Fatty acid of subcutaneous fat from beef steers. Steers were fed red clove silage with flaxseed for 205 days.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Petri RM, Mapiye C, Dugan ME, McAllister TA: Subcutaneous adipose fatty acid profiles and related rumen bacterial populations of steers fed red clover or grass hay diets containing flax or sunflower-seed. PLoS One. 2014 Aug 5;9(8):e104167. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104167. eCollection 2014.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>25093808</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Adipose Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Fatty acid of subcutaneous fat from beef steers. Steers were fed red clove silage with sunflower seed for 205 days.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Petri RM, Mapiye C, Dugan ME, McAllister TA: Subcutaneous adipose fatty acid profiles and related rumen bacterial populations of steers fed red clover or grass hay diets containing flax or sunflower-seed. PLoS One. 2014 Aug 5;9(8):e104167. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104167. eCollection 2014.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>25093808</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>1028.732 +/- 423.595</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>The samples were collected from crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows, Montbéliarde cattles and Prim'Holstein. The fat content was estimated by MIR spectrometry. This the calibration set of samples</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>M. Ferrand et al. Determination of fatty acid profile in cow's milk using mid-infrared spectrometry: Interest of applying a variable selection by genetic algorithms before a PLS regression. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 106 (2011) 183?189</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>877.448 +/- 302.568</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>The samples were collected from crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows, Montbéliarde cattles and Prim'Holstein. The fat content was estimated by MIR spectrometry. This the validation set of samples</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>M. Ferrand et al. Determination of fatty acid profile in cow's milk using mid-infrared spectrometry: Interest of applying a variable selection by genetic algorithms before a PLS regression. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 106 (2011) 183?189</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Placenta</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <foodb_id>FDB021831</foodb_id>
  <kegg_id>C16513</kegg_id>
  <knapsack_id>C00052249</knapsack_id>
  <chemspider_id>4593750</chemspider_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>5497182</pubchem_compound_id>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <chebi_id>53488</chebi_id>
  <meta_cyc_id>CPD-13792</meta_cyc_id>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <bigg_id>2218032</bigg_id>
  <wikipedia_id>Docosapentaenoic acid</wikipedia_id>
  <metlin_id>194</metlin_id>
  <synthesis_reference/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Kurt J. Boudonck, Matthew W. Mitchell, Jacob Wulff and John A. Ryals. Characterization of the biochemical variability of bovine milk using metabolomics. Metabolomics (2009) 5:375?386</reference_text>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>M. Ferrand et al. Determination of fatty acid profile in cow's milk using mid-infrared spectrometry: Interest of applying a variable selection by genetic algorithms before a PLS regression. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 106 (2011) 183?189</reference_text>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP02859</protein_accession>
      <name>Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 5</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q2KJD9</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>ELOVL5</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
