<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-10-03 18:22:00 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-05-21 16:28:50 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0011631</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB11631</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>L-3-Hydroxykynurenine</name>
  <description>L-3-Hydroxykynurenine, also known as L-3-hydroxykynurenine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkyl-phenylketones. These are aromatic compounds containing a ketone substituted by one alkyl group, and a phenyl group. L-3-Hydroxykynurenine is possibly soluble (in water) and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). L-3-Hydroxykynurenine exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. L-3-Hydroxykynurenine participates in a number of enzymatic reactions, within cattle. In particular, L-3-Hydroxykynurenine can be biosynthesized from L-kynurenine; which is catalyzed by the enzyme kynurenine 3-monooxygenase. In addition, L-3-Hydroxykynurenine can be converted into 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and L-alanine through its interaction with the enzyme kynureninase. In cattle, L-3-hydroxykynurenine is involved in the metabolic pathway called the tryptophan metabolism pathway.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>(2S)-2-Amino-4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-(3-Hydroxyanthraniloyl)-L-alanine</synonym>
    <synonym>(2S)-2-Amino-4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxobutanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-(2-Amino-3-hydroxybenzoyl)-L-alanine</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Hydroxy-L-kynurenine</synonym>
    <synonym>L-3-HK</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C10H12N2O4</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>224.2133</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>224.079706882</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(2S)-2-amino-4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>606-14-4</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>N[C@@H](CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1N)C(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C10H12N2O4/c11-6(10(15)16)4-8(14)5-2-1-3-7(13)9(5)12/h1-3,6,13H,4,11-12H2,(H,15,16)/t6-/m0/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>VCKPUUFAIGNJHC-LURJTMIESA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkyl-phenylketones. These are aromatic compounds containing a ketone substituted by one alkyl group, and a phenyl group.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic oxygen compounds</super_class>
    <class>Organooxygen compounds</class>
    <sub_class>Carbonyl compounds</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Alkyl-phenylketones</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Amino acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Aniline and substituted anilines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Aryl alkyl ketones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Benzoyl derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Beta-amino ketones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Butyrophenones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Gamma-keto acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>L-alpha-amino acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monoalkylamines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organopnictogen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Vinylogous amides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>o-Aminophenols</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Alkyl-phenylketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-amino acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-amino acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Amine</substituent>
      <substituent>Amino acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Amino acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Aminophenol</substituent>
      <substituent>Aniline or substituted anilines</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic homomonocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Aryl alkyl ketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzoyl</substituent>
      <substituent>Beta-aminoketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Butyrophenone</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Gamma-keto acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Keto acid</substituent>
      <substituent>L-alpha-amino acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocyclic benzene moiety</substituent>
      <substituent>O-aminophenol</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic nitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organonitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organopnictogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenol</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary aliphatic amine</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary amine</substituent>
      <substituent>Vinylogous amide</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>3-hydroxykynurenine</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-2.09</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-1.83</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-2.2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>0.99</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>8.9</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>(2S)-2-amino-4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>224.2133</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>224.079706882</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>N[C@@H](CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1N)C(O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C10H12N2O4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C10H12N2O4/c11-6(10(15)16)4-8(14)5-2-1-3-7(13)9(5)12/h1-3,6,13H,4,11-12H2,(H,15,16)/t6-/m0/s1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>VCKPUUFAIGNJHC-LURJTMIESA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>126.64</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>57.03</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>21.67</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>6</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Tryptophan Metabolism</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0087237</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2446</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>39731</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>159048</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>72534</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>72535</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>72536</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>131490</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>131491</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>131492</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2713897</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2713898</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2713899</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2964873</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2964874</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2964875</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93612</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93613</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93614</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93615</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93616</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93617</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93618</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93619</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93620</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93621</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93622</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93623</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93624</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93625</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93626</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93627</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93628</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93629</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93630</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>93631</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <kegg_id>C03227</kegg_id>
  <foodb_id>FDB028330</foodb_id>
  <chemspider_id>11318</chemspider_id>
  <chebi_id>17380</chebi_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>11811</pubchem_compound_id>
  <pdbe_id>3DJ</pdbe_id>
  <knapsack_id>C00007443</knapsack_id>
  <meta_cyc_id>3-HYDROXY-L-KYNURENINE</meta_cyc_id>
  <wikipedia_id>3-Hydroxykynurenine</wikipedia_id>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <bigg_id/>
  <metlin_id/>
  <synthesis_reference/>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP00239</protein_accession>
      <name>Kynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrial</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q5E9N4</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>AADAT</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP02928</protein_accession>
      <name>Kynureninase</name>
      <uniprot_id>F1MCH2</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>KYNU</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP02930</protein_accession>
      <name>Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase</name>
      <uniprot_id>E1BN59</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>KMO</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
