<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-10-03 18:41:25 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-06-04 19:20:22 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0059835</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB59835</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>Nonanal</name>
  <description>Nonanal, also known as nonyl aldehyde or pelargonaldehyde, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain aldehydes. These are an aldehyde with a chain length containing between 6 and 12 carbon atoms. Thus, nonanal is considered to be a fatty aldehyde lipid molecule. Nonanal exists as a liquid, very hydrophobic, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral molecule. Nonanal exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Nonanal is a potentially toxic compound. Nonanal has been found to be associated with several diseases known as autism, crohn's disease, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, and uremia; also nonanal has been linked to the inborn metabolic disorders including celiac disease.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>N-Nonaldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Nonanoic aldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Nonyl aldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Nonylaldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Nonylic aldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Pelargonaldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Pelargonic aldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>N-Nonylaldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Nonanal</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C9H18O</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>142.2386</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>142.135765198</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>nonanal</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>nonanal</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>124-19-6</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CCCCCCCCC=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C9H18O/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10/h9H,2-8H2,1H3</inchi>
  <inchikey>GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain aldehydes. These are an aldehyde with a chain length containing between 6 and 12 carbon atoms.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic oxygen compounds</super_class>
    <class>Organooxygen compounds</class>
    <sub_class>Carbonyl compounds</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Medium-chain aldehydes</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Alpha-hydrogen aldehydes</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-hydrogen aldehyde</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Medium-chain aldehyde</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>Fatty aldehydes</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>an &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;-alkanal</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>fatty aldehyde</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state/>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>3.81</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-3.37</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.99</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>17.79</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-6.9</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>nonanal</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>142.2386</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>142.135765198</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>CCCCCCCCC=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C9H18O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C9H18O/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10/h9H,2-8H2,1H3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>17.07</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>43.95</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>18.54</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>7</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::EiMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1366</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>9713</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>9714</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>3497</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>3639</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2999</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>27024</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>29028</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>29224</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>29282</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>29520</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102360</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102361</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102362</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102363</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102364</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>172741</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>107883</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>107884</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>107885</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>174972</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>174973</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>174974</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2470887</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2470888</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2470889</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2495465</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2495466</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2495467</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.00333 +/- 0.00145</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>In raw milk samples for diets based on grass silage</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Toso B, Procida G, Stefanon B: Determination of volatile compounds in cows' milk using headspace GC-MS. J Dairy Res. 2002 Nov;69(4):569-77.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>12463694</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.00196 +/- 0.000869</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>In raw milk samples for diets based on maize silage</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Toso B, Procida G, Stefanon B: Determination of volatile compounds in cows' milk using headspace GC-MS. J Dairy Res. 2002 Nov;69(4):569-77.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>12463694</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.00145 +/- 0.00116</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>In raw milk samples for diets based on hay</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Toso B, Procida G, Stefanon B: Determination of volatile compounds in cows' milk using headspace GC-MS. J Dairy Res. 2002 Nov;69(4):569-77.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>12463694</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.49 +/- 0.32</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>mg/100g dry matter content</concentration_units>
      <comment>Italian raw milk</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Brigitta Gaspardo et al. Determination of volatile fractions in raw milk and ripened cheese by means of GC-MS. Results of a survey performed in the marginal area between Italy and Slovenia. Italian Jounal of Animal Science Vol 8, 377-390, 2009</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.53  +/- 0.35</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>mg/100g dry matter content</concentration_units>
      <comment>Slovenian raw milk</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Brigitta Gaspardo et al. Determination of volatile fractions in raw milk and ripened cheese by means of GC-MS. Results of a survey performed in the marginal area between Italy and Slovenia. Italian Jounal of Animal Science Vol 8, 377-390, 2009</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id/>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Muscle</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Samples have been collected from Heifer cows.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Osorio MT, Downey G, Moloney AP, Rohrle FT, Luciano G, Schmidt O, Monahan FJ: Beef authentication using dietary markers: chemometric selection and modelling of significant beef biomarkers using concatenated data from multiple analytical methods. Food Chem. 2013 Dec 1;141(3):2795-801. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.118. Epub  2013 Jun 5.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>23871026</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <foodb_id>FDB003303</foodb_id>
  <chemspider_id>29029</chemspider_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>31289</pubchem_compound_id>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id>84268</chebi_id>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <meta_cyc_id>CPD-8491</meta_cyc_id>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <knapsack_id>C00030828</knapsack_id>
  <bigg_id/>
  <wikipedia_id>Nonanal</wikipedia_id>
  <metlin_id/>
  <synthesis_reference/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Toso B, Procida G, Stefanon B: Determination of volatile compounds in cows' milk using headspace GC-MS. J Dairy Res. 2002 Nov;69(4):569-77.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>12463694</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Brigitta Gaspardo et al. Determination of volatile fractions in raw milk and ripened cheese by means of GC-MS. Results of a survey performed in the marginal area between Italy and Slovenia. Italian Jounal of Animal Science Vol 8, 377-390, 2009</reference_text>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
