Phenotypes

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In a textbook example of how to make use of clinical information to identify a comparative candidate gene (based on the homologous human disorder) namely KRT5 (keratin 5), Ford et al. (2005) showed that this disorder in the offspring of a Friesian-Jersey bull is due to a 4051G>A base substitution in the bovine KRT5 gene, leading to an E478K amino-acid substitution. The bull turned out to be mosaic for a de novo mutation. Jacinto et al. (202...

In a sign of the times, Menoud et al. (2012) needed only three affected Rotes Höhenvieh calves to identify the causative mutation of this disorder as being a "SNP in the bovine COL7A1 exon 49 (c.4756C>T) . . . which causes a premature stop codon which leads to a truncated protein representing a complete loss of COL7A1 function (p.R1586*)" Independently of the above discovery, Pausch et al. (2016) discovered exactly the same likely causal va...

Boussaha et al. (2023): "Homozygosity mapping followed by analysis of the whole-genome sequences of two [affected Charolais] cases and 5031 control individuals enabled us to prioritize a splice donor site of ITGA6 (c.2160 + 1G > T; Chr2 g.24112740C > A) as the most compelling candidate variant. ... RT-PCR analyses revealed increased retention of introns 14 and 15 of the ITGA6 gene in a heterozygous mutant cow compared with a matched cont...

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By whole-genome sequencing a single affected Charolais calf, and concentrating on comparative functional candidate genes based on careful diagnosis, Peters et al. (2015) identified the causative mutation to be "a 4.4 kb deletion involving exons 17 to 22" of the ITGB4 gene. The authors noted that "The transcript of the mutant allele lacked information regarding a significant part of the encoded protein since the deletion led to a frameshift and...

In four Belgian Blue calves, Sartelet et al. (2015) identified the causal mutation as a nonsense mutation [c.7825C>T] "in the LAMA3 gene that creates a premature stop codon (p.Arg2609*) in exon 60, truncating 22% of the corresponding protein".

"2.4 kb deletion encompassing the first exon of the LAMC2 gene" (Murgiano et al., 2015)

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Jacinto et al. (2023) investigated a 6-month Holstein heifer with epilepsy: "Whole genome sequencing of the affected heifer identified a private heterozygous splice-site variant in DYRK1B (NM_001081515.1: c.-101-1G>A)... ." The authors "speculate that the identified variant in DYRK1B arose from a de novo mutation ...[and] may be the cause of the observed disease, although [DYRK1B] has not previously been associated with epilepsy in mammals,...

A 6-week-old calf with epiphora (abnormal flow of tears) in both eyes was reported by Van der Woerdt et al. (1996). This disorder resulted from dysplastci lacrimal puncta.

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No summary available.